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Business wiki · Banking and investment

Collateral

An asset or interest provided as security for an obligation, subject to the relevant documentation and law.

Search terms: Security secured borrowing

A business example

A business offers a warehouse as security for a loan.

Follow the exampleFictional business scenario
  1. Asset

    Identify the warehouse, ownership records and existing interests.

  2. Secured obligation

    The documents connect the security to specified borrowing obligations.

  3. Value and risk

    The lender assesses the asset and the terms governing enforcement.

What this shows

The warehouse supports the borrowing arrangement. Its estimated value does not erase the debt or guarantee an eventual sale price.

What it is often confused with

Giving collateral does not cancel the debt if the collateral loses value.

What to look at in your business

Identify the secured obligation, asset ownership, valuation and enforcement terms.

Context and further reading

This entry explains the business term. The related guide below provides the next layer of context; any applicable legal test depends on the transaction and relevant period.

Fundraising, mergers and acquisitions →

Related terms

KYC

Checks used by regulated institutions to establish customer identity and understand relevant ownership and risk information.

Bank guarantee

A bank's undertaking to a beneficiary under stated guarantee terms on behalf of its customer.

Letter of credit

A bank payment undertaking tied to presentation of documents complying with its stated conditions.